Cooling apparel

ABSTRACT

A heat management device includes: an inner layer configured to face a body of a user, the inner layer including: a dry sublayer configured to face and touch the body; and a wet sublayer; an outer layer; and a spacer positioned between the inner layer and the outer layer, the spacer configured to maintain a channel height for passage of airflow between the inner layer and the outer layer; wherein the inner layer and the outer layer together define a flexible airflow channel configured to receive and route the airflow through the device and across the wet sublayer.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/982,758, filed Feb. 28, 2020, and U.S. Provisional Application No.62/933,375, filed Nov. 9, 2019, both of which are hereby specificallyincorporated by reference herein in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD Field of Use

This disclosure relates to portable cooling systems. More specifically,this disclosure relates to cooling apparel and other cooling devicesthat can wrap around and physically touch a body of a user.

Related Art

Elevated temperatures in work or leisure activities can, among otherrisks, increase error rates, reduce productivity, and increase risk ofinjury, including serious injury and even death. As indicated by theInternational Labor Organization (ILO), for example, by the year 2030 anincrease in heat stress is expected to result in global productivitylosses equivalent to 80 million full-time jobs. Increased heat canaffect productivity because it also negatively impacts learningcapabilities and labor force development in the world market. While avariety of personal and even wearable cooling systems have beendeveloped, they often have low cooling efficiency, must be worn on theoutside of all other clothing or must necessarily wet the user, do notwork at higher temperatures, are heavy or expensive, or are for othersundry reasons impractical.

SUMMARY

It is to be understood that this summary is not an extensive overview ofthe disclosure. This summary is exemplary and not restrictive, and it isintended to neither identify key or critical elements of the disclosurenor delineate the scope thereof. The sole purpose of this summary is toexplain and exemplify certain concepts of the disclosure as anintroduction to the following complete and extensive detaileddescription.

In one aspect, disclosed is a heat management device comprising: aninner layer configured to face a body of a user, the inner layercomprising: a dry sublayer configured to face and touch the body; and awet sublayer; an outer layer; and a spacer positioned between the innerlayer and the outer layer, the spacer configured to maintain a channelheight for passage of airflow between the inner layer and the outerlayer; wherein the inner layer and the outer layer together define aflexible airflow channel configured to receive and route the airflowthrough the device and across the wet sublayer.

In another aspect, disclosed is a method of manufacturing a heatmanagement device, the method comprising: sandwiching a spacer betweenan inner layer and an outer layer of the device; the inner layer and theouter layer defining an airflow channel therebetween; and sealing aconnection between the inner layer and the outer layer to define asealed body chamber, the airflow channel being configured to contain andallow circulation of each of airflow and a fluid for cooling.

Various implementations described in the present disclosure may compriseadditional systems, methods, features, and advantages, which may notnecessarily be expressly disclosed herein but will be apparent to one ofordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following detaileddescription and accompanying drawings. It is intended that all suchsystems, methods, features, and advantages be included within thepresent disclosure and protected by the accompanying claims. Thefeatures and advantages of such implementations may be realized andobtained by means of the systems, methods, features particularly pointedout in the appended claims. These and other features will become morefully apparent from the following description and appended claims, ormay be learned by the practice of such exemplary implementations as setforth hereinafter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed incolor. Copies of this patent or patent application publication withcolor drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and paymentof the necessary fee.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the disclosureand together with the description, serve to explain various principlesof the disclosure. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.Corresponding features and components throughout the figures may bedesignated by matching reference characters for the sake of consistencyand clarity.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a vest as worn by a user in accordance withone aspect of the current disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the vest of FIG. 1 as worn by the user.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the vest of FIG. 1 as worn by the user.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of a vest in accordance with another aspect of thecurrent disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a simplified sectional view of the vest of FIG. 3 taken alongline 5-5 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a detail sectional view of a flexible airflow channel of thevest of FIG. 1 taken from detail 6 of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a detail sectional view of an inner layer or evaporative layerof the vest of FIG. 1 taken from detail 7 of FIG. 6 and shown withairflow blown across an inner surface.

FIG. 8 is a rear view of the inner layer of FIG. 7 showing also a baseplate of the vest of FIG. 1 in a loose, unassembled condition.

FIG. 9 is a rear view of a spacer of the vest of FIG. 1.

FIG. 10 is a rear view of a portion of the vest of FIG. 1 in a partiallyassembled condition and showing the inner layer of FIG. 7, the spacer ofFIG. 9, film, and a plurality of distribution lines.

FIG. 11 is a first detail rear perspective view of the vest of FIG. 1 ina partially assembled condition showing the inner layer of FIG. 7, thespacer of FIG. 9, the base plate of FIG. 10, the film of FIG. 10, andthe plurality of distribution lines of FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a second detail rear perspective view of the vest of FIG. 1in a partially assembled condition showing the inner layer of FIG. 7,the spacer of FIG. 9, the film of FIG. 10, and one of the plurality ofdistribution lines of FIG. 10.

FIG. 13 is a rear view of the vest of FIG. 1 in the partially assembledcondition of FIG. 12 and showing additional film positioned proximate toeach of a plurality of outer edges.

FIG. 14 is a rear view of the vest of FIG. 1 in a further assembledcondition showing also an outer layer.

FIG. 15 is a rear perspective detail view of the vest of FIG. 1 showinga reservoir of the vest partially withdrawn from a reservoir pocket ofthe vest and an enclosure with a control button extending therefrom.

FIG. 16 is a front perspective view of the vest of FIG. 1 showing abattery of the vest partially withdrawn from a battery pocket of thevest.

FIG. 17 is a detail front perspective view of the vest of FIG. 1 showingan outer portion of a collar and sliding fastener thereof.

FIG. 18 is a detail front perspective view of the vest of FIG. 1 showingan inner portion of the collar of FIG. 17 and an exhaust vent positionedtherethrough.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a lower edge of the vest of FIG. 4 takenalong line 19-19 of FIG. 4 showing an inlet spacer of the vest.

FIG. 20 is a rear view of a middle layer of the vest of FIG. 4.

FIG. 21 is a front view of the vest of FIG. 4 in a partially assembledcondition showing an inner layer and the middle layer of the vest inaccordance with another aspect of the current disclosure.

FIG. 22 is a rear view of a spacer assembly of the vest of FIG. 4 in apartially assembled condition showing the spacer of FIG. 9, a pluralityof fans, and an enclosure in accordance with another aspect of thecurrent disclosure.

FIG. 23 is a rear perspective view of the vest of FIG. 4 in a partiallyassembled condition showing fans, a control button, and a battery of thevest.

FIG. 24 is a detail rear perspective view of the vest of FIG. 4 in apartially assembled condition showing the inlet spacer of FIG. 19 andthe outer layer of the vest.

FIG. 25 is a detail perspective view of the enclosure of FIG. 15, theenclosure housing a pump, a plurality of fans, and a printed circuitboard assembly (PCBA) comprising a printed circuit board (PCB).

FIG. 26 is a detail perspective view of the enclosure of FIG. 22 inaccordance with another aspect of the current disclosure, the enclosurehousing a pair of pumps and a PCBA.

FIG. 27 is a detail perspective view of a front side or bottom side ofthe PCBA of FIG. 26.

FIG. 28 is a front perspective view of a cover of the enclosure of FIG.26.

FIG. 29 is a front perspective view of one of the plurality of fans ofFIG. 22 showing also a mounting plate secured thereto.

FIG. 30 is a rear perspective view of the fan of FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is a side perspective view of the fan of FIG. 29.

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of an electrical system of the vest ofFIG. 4 overlaid on the portion of the vest of FIG. 22 showing electricalconnections of the vest of FIG. 4.

FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of the vest of FIG.4 overlaid on the portion of the vest of FIG. 22 showing hydraulicconnections of the vest of FIG. 4.

FIG. 34 is a front perspective view of the vest of FIG. 4 in a partiallyopen condition showing a control button, a power cord, a slidingfastener for connecting front edges of the vest, and a pair oftightening fasteners.

FIG. 35 is a front perspective view of a control button opening of thevest of FIG. 4.

FIG. 36 is a front perspective view of a front right portion of the vestof FIG. 4.

FIG. 37 is a front perspective view of a front left portion of the vestof FIG. 4.

FIG. 38 is a front perspective view of one of the pair of tighteningfasteners in an installed condition inside the partially assembled vest.

FIG. 39 is a front perspective view of the user of the vest tighteningthe tightening fasteners.

FIG. 40 is a front perspective view of the vest as fully donned by theuser and in an operating condition.

FIG. 41 is a color image of a rear perspective of the vest of FIG. 1 asworn by the user, a left half of the color image showing the vest withthermal imaging in a cooling mode as worn be the user and a right halfof the color image being a color photograph of the vest as worn be theuser.

FIG. 42 is a block diagram, which can be considered a schematic, of theelectrical components of FIG. 32 and the electrical interconnectionstherebetween.

FIG. 43 is a flowchart describing, at least in part, operation of powerand control system of a vest such as in FIG. 40 comprising theelectrical components of FIG. 32 and, more specifically, a timedinternal interrupt handler of such operation.

FIG. 44 is a flowchart describing, at least in part, operation of apower and controls system of a vest such as in FIG. 40 comprising theelectrical components of FIG. 32 and, more specifically, a buttoninterrupt handler of such operation.

FIG. 45 is a flowchart describing, at least in part, overall operationof a power and controls system of a vest such as in FIG. 40 comprisingthe electrical components of FIG. 32.

FIG. 46 is a flowchart describing, at least in part, a pump statemachine of the flowchart of FIG. 45.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure can be understood more readily by reference tothe following detailed description, examples, drawings, and claims, andtheir previous and following description. However, before the presentdevices, systems, and/or methods are disclosed and described, it is tobe understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specificdevices, systems, and/or methods disclosed unless otherwise specified,as such can, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that theterminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularaspects only and is not intended to be limiting.

The following description is provided as an enabling teaching of thepresent devices, systems, and/or methods in their best, currently knownaspect. To this end, those skilled in the relevant art will recognizeand appreciate that many changes can be made to the various aspectsdescribed herein, while still obtaining the beneficial results of thepresent disclosure. It will also be apparent that some of the desiredbenefits of the present disclosure can be obtained by selecting some ofthe features of the present disclosure without utilizing other features.Accordingly, those who work in the art will recognize that manymodifications and adaptations to the present disclosure are possible andcan even be desirable in certain circumstances and are a part of thepresent disclosure. Thus, the following description is provided asillustrative of the principles of the present disclosure and not inlimitation thereof.

As used throughout, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” includeplural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus,for example, reference to a quantity of one of a particular element cancomprise two or more such elements unless the context indicatesotherwise. In addition, any of the elements described herein can be afirst such element, a second such element, and so forth (e.g., a firstwidget and a second widget, even if only a “widget” is referenced).

Ranges can be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value,and/or to “about” another particular value. When such a range isexpressed, another aspect comprises from the one particular value and/orto the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed asapproximations, by use of the antecedent “about” or “substantially,” itwill be understood that the particular value forms another aspect. Itwill be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges aresignificant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently ofthe other endpoint.

For purposes of the current disclosure, a material property or dimensionmeasuring about X or substantially X on a particular measurement scalemeasures within a range between X plus an industry-standard uppertolerance for the specified measurement and X minus an industry-standardlower tolerance for the specified measurement. Because tolerances canvary between different materials, processes and between differentmodels, the tolerance for a particular measurement of a particularcomponent can fall within a range of tolerances.

As used herein, the terms “optional” or “optionally” mean that thesubsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, andthat the description comprises instances where said event orcircumstance occurs and instances where it does not.

The word “or” as used herein means any one member of a particular listand also comprises any combination of members of that list. The phrase“at least one of A and B” as used herein means “only A, only B, or bothA and B”; while the phrase “one of A and B” means “A or B.”

To simplify the description of various elements disclosed herein, theconventions of “left,” “right,” “front,” “rear,” “top,” “bottom,”“upper,” “lower,” “inside,” “outside,” “inboard,” “outboard,”“horizontal,” and/or “vertical” may be referenced. Unless statedotherwise, “front” describes that end or side of the heat managementdevice or, more specifically, the cooling apparel nearest to andoccupied by a front of a user of the cooling apparel, e.g., a chest ofthe user; “rear” is that end of the cooling apparel that is opposite ordistal the front; “left” is that which is to the left of or facing leftfrom the user and facing towards the front; and “right” is that which isto the right of or facing right from the user and facing towards thefront. When the heat management device or, more specifically, thecooling apparel is not worn by or otherwise in contact with the user,the “front” of the device describes that end or surface, e.g., an innersurface 111, of the device or apparel that is in contact with the userduring use. “Horizontal” or “horizontal orientation” describes thatwhich is in a plane extending from left to right and aligned with thehorizon. “Vertical” or “vertical orientation” describes that which is ina plane that is angled at 90 degrees to the horizontal.

Evaporative cooling can be a powerful mechanism for cooling, but thereare generally a few issues associated with using evaporative cooling inapparel. Evaporative cooling apparel, such as evaporative cooling vests,usually leaves a body of a user of the apparel wet. Evaporative coolingapparel is also generally worn as the outermost layer, which may not beaesthetically pleasing. Having the outermost layer as the cooling layercan also make it more difficult to cool since layers worn underneath theapparel generally increase thermal resistance. An additional drawback tomost evaporative cooling is that the user cannot control the rate ofcooling. When evaporative apparel is first wetted, the amount of coolingis higher in comparison to when the apparel dries later on because,generally, the amount or rate of cooling is reduced as the evaporativeapparel dries. As a result, the user feels very cold in the beginningand warm towards the end. This fast evaporation in the beginning alsomeans that water is consumed faster than required and the dryness at theend causes insufficient cooling. It would then be useful to have a formof evaporative cooling that keeps the user dry, can be worn underneathlayers, and is controllable.

Airflow is important for temperature regulation via convective heatingand cooling. Airflow can be especially important in evaporative coolingapplications since fresh unsaturated air is needed to absorb watervapor. The way this airflow is routed and maintained is thereforeimportant. To allow for unimpeded air flow, air channels must ideally bekept open and not pinched. For the same volumetric airflow, a largerchannel cross sectional area corresponds to a lower average airvelocity. Air velocity is an important factor in the rate of heattransfer and rate of surface evaporation. Maintaining a consistentairflow channel is therefore helpful in thermal regulation applications,such as convective heating, convective cooling, and evaporative cooling.Routing airflow can also be important in getting better distribution ofheat transfer across the entire surface of a body.

Another important factor in cooling applications is the thermalresistance at an interface with the body of the user. Ideally, thereshould be a low thermal resistance to the body to be cooled, so thatmore heat can be absorbed or transferred from the body for a giventemperature difference. From Fourier's law of heat conduction, theconductive thermal resistance can be described by the following formula:

$R_{Conduction} = \frac{d}{A*k}$

Where:

-   d is the thickness of the sample (measured parallel to the heat    flow)-   A is the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the path of heat flow-   k is the thermal conductivity of the material

Thermal resistance is also a function of surface area. In order toachieve a higher surface area A on a curved body to reduce the thermalresistance, it is important to have a contouring layer that touches asmuch of the body as possible, without air gaps between the contouringlayer and the body. Flexible channels capable of wrapping aroundcontours can minimize such thermally insulating air gaps and therebyfacilitate the cooling apparel making good contact with the body. Airhas very good thermal resistance, and even a small air gap cansignificantly increase thermal resistance. A temperature delta betweentwo facing surfaces such as a surface of the body and a surface of acooling vest, for example, can be minimized or can approach zero whenthe two sides of the interface are in contact with each other. When aheat sink is used, for example, a thermal compounds are frequently usedto remove air gaps between the heat sink and an object to be cooled forthis reason. Another way to remove air gaps and increase the thermalconductivity k is to wet the body, but this leaves the body wet.

Additionally, layers such as fabric can have poor thermal conductionalong, i.e., in a direction along, the fabric layer because thecross-sectional area A is so small. Heat flow along the layer is limitedas a result. It can therefore be difficult to transfer heat conductivelyfrom one corner or end of a fabric to another corner or end of thefabric. However, low thermal resistance from one face of the fabriclayer to an opposite face is possible because the thickness d of thelayer is small, meaning significant heat transfer is possible.

In one aspect, a heat management device and associated methods, systems,devices, and various apparatuses are disclosed herein. In one aspect,the cooling apparel can comprise a device body, a pump, and a fan.

FIG. 1 shows a front view of a heat management device 100, which can bean article of cooling apparel, as worn by a user 50 in accordance withone aspect of the current disclosure. In some aspects, as shown, thedevice 100 can be a vest, which can be sleeveless, and, morespecifically, a cooling vest. In other aspects, the device 100 can bemade in one of several form factors, the “form factor” being aparticular size, shape, or other variation of the device 100. Morespecifically, the device 100 can be a jacket or other covering of theupper body (the “upper body” being defined as a portion of the bodyabove the waist), a pair of pants or other covering of the lower body(the “lower body” being defined as a portion of the body below thewaist), a covering worn over any other portion of the body, a blanketnot required to be worn but able to be draped over the body, or anotherpiece of apparel or article of clothing as otherwise defined.

The device 100 and, more specifically, the aforementioned vest, candefine an apparel body or device body 110 defining the inner surface 111(shown in FIG. 5) and an outer surface 112. The device body 110 of thedevice 100 can define a torso or bottom opening 103 at a bottom end 105and a neck or top opening 104 at a top end 106. The device body 110 candefine sleeve or side openings 117 a,b. At a front side of the device100, a fastener 190 such as, for example and without limitation, asliding fastener (e.g., a zipper) can facilitate donning, tightening,and removal of the device 100. More specifically, a first half orportion of the fastener 190 can be coupled to a right or first jointedge 120 a of the device body 110 and a second half or portion of thefastener 190 can be coupled to a left or second joint edge 120 b of thedevice body 110. Joining the first joint edge 120 a and the second jointedge 120 b with the fastener 190 can accordingly result in the innersurface 111 of the device body 110 of the device 100 being positioned inclose proximity to or even direct contact with a surface of the body ofthe user 50. In some aspects, as shown, the device 100 and, morespecifically, the device body 110 can be formed without any sleeves.Moreover, the device 100 can focus cooling on just a torso of the bodyof the user 50.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device 100—and, more specifically, thevest—of FIG. 1 as worn by the user 50. An arm of the user 50 can extendthrough each of the side openings 117 a,b (117 b shown in FIG. 1). Thedevice 100 can comprise an enclosure 210, which as described below canhouse electrical components of the device 100. The device 100 cancomprise a reservoir pocket 220, which can receive a fluid reservoir ofthe device 100. As shown, a shirt 250 can be worn between the body ofthe user 50 and the device body 110 of the device 100.

In some aspects, the shirt 250 can be thin enough and close-fittingenough to limit thermal resistance at an interface between the device100 and a skin surface of the body. In some aspects, for example, athickness of the shirt 250 can measure 2 millimeters (mm) or less whendry and when otherwise using industry measurement standards or canmeasure a corresponding unit area weight such as grams per square meter(GSM). In some aspects, more specifically, the thickness of the shirt250 can measure 1 mm or less. In some aspects, more specifically, thethickness of the shirt 250 can measure 0.75 mm or less. In some aspects,more specifically, the thickness of the shirt 250 can measure 0.5 mm orless. In some aspects, more specifically, the thickness of the shirt 250can measure 0.25 mm or less. In some aspects, more specifically, thethickness of the shirt 250 can measure 0.2 mm or less. The shirt 250 cancomprise any one or, in the case of a blend, more than one of a varietyof materials such as, for example and without limitation, a naturalmaterial such as cotton, a less elastic synthetic material such aspolyester, and a more elastic material such as elastane (e.g.,LYCRA-brand or spandex material). Thermal resistance can also beminimized by the user 50 by wearing a shirt 250 that is small enough tominimize and, to the degree possible, eliminate wrinkles and theresulting air gaps. In some aspects, the device 100 can be worn directlyagainst the skin surface of the body to eliminate any thermal resistanceassociated with the shirt 250.

FIG. 3 shows a rear view of the device 100 and, more specifically, thevest of FIG. 1 as worn by the user 50. As shown, either of the enclosure210 and the reservoir pocket 220 can be mounted on or assembled to andcan extend from the outer surface 112 of the device body 110. In someaspects, as shown, the reservoir pocket 220 can be assembled withstitching. In some aspects, the reservoir pocket 220 can be assembledwith other fastening methods. More specifically, the reservoir pocket220 can define a taper proximate to or at a lower end 305 and an opening308 at an upper end 306. A control button 310, which can be used toadjust or set functional aspects of the device 100, can extend from theenclosure 210 in a position accessible by, for example and withoutlimitation, a hand of the user 50.

FIG. 4 shows a rear view of the device 100 and, more specifically, thevest in accordance with another aspect of the current disclosure. Asshown, edges of the side openings 117 a,b—and any edge of the device100, can be hemmed or can comprise or be defined by an opening trim 417a,b, which can strengthen or increase the comfort or longevity of theside openings 117 a,b—or the other corresponding edges of the device100. As shown, any electrical and other components of the device 100 canbe positioned inside the device 100 and not visible from outside thedevice 100. The opening 308 of the reservoir pocket 220 can be visibleand can provide access to a water reservoir or reservoir 1510 (shown inFIG. 15) positioned or defined therein. As shown, an edge of the opening308 can be hemmed or can comprise or be defined by an opening trim 420,which can strengthen or increase the comfort or longevity of the opening308.

FIG. 5 shows a simplified sectional view of the device 100 and, morespecifically, the vest of FIG. 3 taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 3. Broadlyspeaking, the disclosed device 100 can cool the body through the use ofa type of evaporative cooling. More specifically, the device 100 cancool through use of a process that can be described as conductiveevaporator cooling. More specifically, forced air can be used tofacilitate cooling. Accordingly, one or more fans 2270 (shown in FIG.25) can be positioned inside the enclosure 210 and can generate airflowfrom air pulled in from outside the device 100. The airflow 570 cantravel through an airflow channel 680 (shown in FIG. 6) defined insidethe device body 110 and can thereby travel across the device 100. Asshown, the device body 110 can define a relatively constant crosssection defining a thickness 540 and, more specifically, a channelthickness or height 640 (shown in FIG. 6) in which the airflow 570 cantravel. The thickness 540 can vary across the device body 110 and candefine a minimum value depending on the desired amount of cooling.Maintaining a minimum or constant thickness 540 can prevent air flowrestrictions caused by pinching or collapse of the airflow channel 680.The airflow 570 can thereby travel relatively unimpeded through theairflow channel 680 proximate to a contoured surface of the body of theuser 50 (shown in FIG. 1). As described above, it can be beneficial tominimize or eliminate a gap 580 defined in cross-section between thedevice body 110 and the body of the user 50 to facilitate heat transferby conduction from the body of the user 50 to the device body 110 of thedevice 100.

FIG. 6 shows a detail sectional view of the airflow channel 680 of thedevice body 110 of the device 100 and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 1 taken from detail 6 of FIG. 5. Defining the airflow channel 680,which can be flexible but is shown in a straightened condition forclarity, the device body 110 can comprise an inner layer 610 in contactwith or facing the body of the user 50. More specifically, the innerlayer 610 can define a first or inner surface 611 and a second or outersurface 612. The device body 110 can comprise an outer layer 620, whichcan be distal from the inner layer 610 in relation to the body of theuser 50. More specifically, the outer layer 620 can define a first orinner surface 621 and a second or outer surface 622. The device body 110can comprise a spacer 630, which can be positioned between the innerlayer 610 and the outer layer 620 and can maintain the channel height640 (or a least a minimum value thereof) for the airflow 570. In someaspects, air pressure inside the airflow channel 680 can increase thechannel height 640 to beyond or greater than a thickness 634 of thespacer 630 and can thereby result in one or more gaps 691,692. In someaspects, mechanical pressure against an outside surface of a portion ofthe device body 110 defining the airflow channel 680 can decrease thechannel height 640 to below a thickness 634 of the spacer 630. Morespecifically, the spacer 630, which can be a spacing layer, can define afirst or inner surface 631 and a second or outer surface 632. As will bedescribed below, wetting with a fluid on and evaporation of the fluidfrom the inner layer 610 can facilitate cooling of the body of the user50.

The channel height 640 can represent and define a space for the airflow570 to travel between the inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620,including through the spacer 630. The outer surface 612 of the innerlayer 610 can, again, face and can be in contact with the body of theuser 50 to be cooled (or heated, as will be described below), and theinner surface 611 of the inner layer 610 can abut or face the innersurface 631 of the spacer 630. The inner surface 621 of the outer layer620 can be positioned against the outer surface 632 of the spacer 630.The whole construction can be made of or can comprise flexible materialsor can otherwise be configured to wrap around contoured surfaces.

As will be described in further detail below, either or both of theinner layer 610 and the outer layer 620 can be made of a first materialand can be coated with or bonded or joined to a second material. As willbe described below, the inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620 candefine a substantially sealed body chamber 688 therebetween proximate toat least the bottom end 105 (shown in FIGS. 1 and 14) of the device body110 such that liquid received within the body chamber 688 will not leakfrom the device body 110 except, for example, when the heat managementdevice 100 and, more specifically, the device body 110 are turned upsidedown. In some aspects, the body chamber 688 can retain moisture insidethe airflow channel 680 without leakage therefrom when the airflowchannel 680 is angled with respect to a horizontal direction during useand the top end 106 of the device 100 is higher than the bottom end 105.

The spacer 630 can comprise a fabric, sponge, open-cell foam, or otherporous material. The spacer 630 can define a three-dimensional spacermesh. In some aspects, the spacer 630 can be woven from or otherwisecomprise thread. More specifically, the spacer 630 can be woven frompolyester thread to define a thickness. In some aspects, a thickness 634of the spacer 630 can measure in a range of 6 to 10 mm thick. In someaspects, the thickness 634 can be outside this range in eitherdirection. In some aspects, as shown, the device body 110 can define agap 691 between the spacer 630 and the inner layer 610. Similarly, thedevice body 110 can define a gap 692 between the spacer 630 and theouter layer 620. In some aspects, one or both of the gaps 691,692 arenot present in a particular portion or location of a wall or airflowchannel 680 of the device body 110. In such a location, the spacer 630can contact either or both of the inner layer 610 and the outer layer620 without the gaps 691,692. In some aspects, the spacer 630 can bebonded to each of the inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620. Morespecifically, the spacer 630 can be thermally bonded to each of theinner layer 610 and the outer layer 620 using thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) film placed between adjoining surfaces of the spacer 630 and thelayers 610,620.

The aforementioned TPU film, a hot-melt adhesive material, can be assmall or as large as desired to join the adjacent layers or panels andcan, for example, be laser cut to the exact shape desired. In someaspects, the TPU film can be 1.5 inches wide and the length of any jointto be covered. The TPU film can provide a watertight seal between thetwo layers or panels joined. In some aspects, both heat and pressure canbe used to activate the TPU film and bond two adjoining components ofthe device 100.

The spacer 630 can be formed from one or more of a variety of materialsdiffering in color, thickness, weave patterns, flexibility, and otherphysical characteristics. In some aspects, the aforementionedthree-dimensional spacer mesh defining the spacer 630 can comprise threeseparate layers, which can be simultaneously knit together by a textilemachine, and is available from Jason Mills, LLC of Milltown, N.J.,U.S.A. More specifically, the three-dimensional spacer mesh defining thespacer 630 can be knit from 100% polyester. In some aspects, as is thecase with polyester, the spacer 630 can be formed from a material thatis dimensionally stable, durable (e.g., resistant to chemicals,corrosion, heat, mold, mildew, and wear), and hydrophobic. In someaspects, any of the spacer 630 and the layers 610,620 and othercomponents of the device 100 can comprise an antibacterial orantimicrobial component or treatment (e.g., the incorporation of silverions) or a fire retardant component or treatment.

FIG. 7 shows a detail sectional view of the evaporative layer or innerlayer 610 of the device 100 and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 1taken from detail 7 of FIG. 6 and shown with the airflow 570 blownacross the inner surface 611. While not shown, FIG. 7 can similarlyrepresent the outer layer 620. As shown, each of the inner layer 610 andthe outer layer 620 can be a panel defining a discrete size. The innerlayer 610 can comprise a dry sublayer 710 and a wet sublayer 720; and,as shown, the dry sublayer 710 and the wet sublayer 720 can be bonded toeach other. More specifically, in some aspects, either or both of theinner layer 610 and the outer layer 620 can be formed from one or morematerials, one of which can be or can comprise a fabric blend. In someaspects, either or both of the inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620can comprise or be formed from a polyurethane-coated fabric blendcomprising 85% polyester and 15% elastane and defining a weight of190+40 GSM.

The dry sublayer 710 can be waterproof and flexible. In some aspects, itcan be beneficial for the dry sublayer 710 to be stretchy, i.e.,elastic. In some aspects, the dry sublayer 710 can be both waterproofand breathable. A thickness 714 of the dry sublayer 710 can berelatively thin and can be thinner than the wet sublayer 720. Forexample and without limitation, the thickness 714 can be 0.1 mm or onthe order of 0.1 mm to minimize thermal resistance of the dry sublayer710. A material or materials forming the dry sublayer material need nothave a high thermal conductivity. For example and without limitation,the dry sublayer 710 can comprise or be formed from polyurethane (PU) orpolyvinyl chloride (PVC). Especially when it is acceptable for the user50 to become wet, no dry sublayer 710 is required and the inner layer610 can comprise only the web sublayer 720.

In some aspects, the fabric blend forming the wet sublayer 720 cancomprise elastane and polyester. In some aspects, the fabric blendforming the wet sublayer 720 can comprise elastane and nylon. In someaspects, the wet sublayer 720 can comprise spun yarn. In some aspects,the wet sublayer 720 can comprise a non-woven material. In some aspects,a material forming the wet sublayer 720 can facilitate capillary action(i.e., movement of a fluid such as water through the material). In someaspects, however, the wet sublayer 720 can comprise a non-capillarymaterial. In some aspects, either or both of the inner layer 610 and theouter layer 620 can comprise one or more other fabric materials insteadof—or in addition to—the aforementioned materials. A thickness 724 ofthe wet sublayer 720 can be relatively thin and yet can be thicker thanthe dry sublayer 710. For example and without limitation, the thickness724 can be 0.2 mm.

FIG. 8 shows a rear view of the inner layer 610 of FIG. 7 showing also abase plate 850 of the vest of FIG. 1 in an unassembled condition. Theinner layer 610, which can be symmetrical about at least a verticalcenterline 801, can comprise the outer surface 612 and the inner surface611 (shown in FIG. 6). The inner layer 610 can define a left or firstside end 803, a right or second side end 804, a bottom end 805, and atop end 806. The inner layer 610 can define collar ends 813,814 at thetop end 806, which can be proximate also to the respective side ends803,804 and a collar end 815, which can be proximate also to thevertical centerline 801. The inner layer 610 can define shoulder ends823 a,b, 824 a,b at the top end 806, which can be proximate to therespective side ends 803,804. The inner layer 610 can define sleeve orside cutout ends 833,834, which can be defined at respective edges ofopenings defined in the top end 806 and later can define, at least inpart directly or indirectly, the side openings 117 a,b (shown in FIG. 1)of the device body 110 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, thevest.

Each of the ends 804,805,806,813,814,823 a,b, 824 a,b, 834,834 can bestraight or curved or can define a combination of straight and curvedsegments. Each of the ends, including in particular the side ends803,804 and portions of the bottom end 805 and portions of the sidecutout ends 833,834, can define tabs 840 extending away from a center ofthe inner layer 610 and past an edge of the spacer 630, as shown in FIG.10. Notches 848 defined between adjacent or intersecting tabs 840 orwithin one or more of the tabs 840 can facilitate later bending andassembly of the tabs 840 and the inner layer 610 overall to mating partssuch as the spacer 630.

Shown on top of the inner layer 610 is the base plate 850, which can bebonded to a plate attachment portion 820 of the inner layer 610 anddefine at least a portion of the enclosure 210 (shown in FIG. 2) incontact with the inner layer 610. In some aspects, the base plate 850can comprise or can be formed from a plastic material. In some aspects,the base plate 850 can comprise or can be formed from another materialincluding a composite material. One or more mounting holes or mountingopenings 858 can be defined in the base plate 850. Similarly, one ormore mounting holes or mounting openings 808 can be defined in the innerlayer 610 and can be sized and positioned or otherwise configured toalign with the mounting openings 858 upon assembly of the base plate 850to the inner layer 610.

FIG. 9 shows a rear view (and can also be a front view) of the spacer630 of the device body 110 (shown in FIG. 1) of the device 100 (shown inFIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 1. The spacer 630,which can be symmetrical about at least a vertical centerline 901, cancomprise the outer surface 632 and the inner surface 631 (shown in FIG.6). The spacer 630 can define a left or first side end 903, a right orsecond side end 904, a bottom end 905, and a top end 906. The spacer 630can define collar ends 913,914 at the top end 906, which can beproximate also to the respective side ends 903,904; and a collar end915, which can be proximate also to the vertical centerline 901. Thespacer 630 can define shoulder ends 923 a,b, 924 a,b at the top end 906,which can be proximate to the respective side ends 903,904. The spacer630 can define sleeve or side cutout ends 933,934, which can be definedat respective edges of openings defined in the top end 906 and latercan, at least in part directly or indirectly, define the side openings117 a,b (shown in FIG. 1) of the device body 110 (shown in FIG. 1) and,more specifically, the vest.

Each of the ends 904,905,906,913,914,923 a,b, 924 a,b, 934,934 can bestraight or curved or can define a combination of straight and curvedsegments. One or more mounting holes or mounting openings 958 can bedefined in the spacer 630 and can be sized and positioned or otherwiseconfigured to align with the mounting openings 808 (shown in FIG. 8) ofthe inner layer 610 (shown in FIG. 8) and the mounting openings 858(shown in FIG. 8) of the base plate 850 (shown in FIG. 8) upon assemblyof the spacer 630 to the inner layer 610 and the base plate 850. Thespacer 630 can define a main opening 908, which can be sized andpositioned or otherwise configured to align with and even receive atleast a portion of the enclosure 210 (shown in FIG. 2).

The spacer 630 can define one or more openings 918, which can becutouts, across and in the outer surface 632 and the inner surface 631.More specifically, each of the openings 918 can extend through athickness of the spacer 630. In some aspects, the openings 918 can havea diamond shape. By adjusting dimensions of the diamond shape in thehorizontal and the vertical directions across the entire spacer 630 orin select areas, one can adjust bend and spring forces inherent in thespacer 630 and facilitate conformance with the surface being cooled. Insome aspects, the openings 918 can have another closed polygonal orcurvilinear shape. The openings 918 can be configured to direct portionsof the airflow 570 (shown in FIG. 7) in a certain direction inside theairflow channel 680 (shown in FIG. 6) or to spread the airflow 570across a desired surface such as, for example and without limitation,the inner surface 611 (shown in FIG. 6) of the inner layer 610 (shown inFIG. 6). The spacer 630 can facilitate the airflow 570 by being flexibleand thereby facilitating conformance of the device 100 with the body ofthe user 50 by contouring around the shape of the body. The openings 918in the spacer 630 can, for example and without limitation, help routethis air flow, give the spacer layer a degree of flexibility, reduce aweight of the spacer 930, and reduce system impedance overall. Morespecifically, the openings 918 can allow for flexibility of the devicebody 110 (shown in FIG. 1) and the airflow channels 680 (shown in FIG.6) defined therein to navigate contours of a surface of the body of theuser 50 (shown in FIG. 1) to facilitate good thermal contact therewith.In some aspects, the material forming the spacer 630 can comprise sparsevertical fibers in order to maximize airflow.

In some aspects, as shown, the spacer 630 can comprise frame portions940. In some aspects, the spacer 630 can comprise ribs 960, which asshown can extend from the frame portions 940 or from the main opening908 or between particular instances of the frame portions 940 and themain opening 908. One or more of the frame portions 940 or the ribs 960can define openings or channels 968, which can be sized and positionedor otherwise configured to align with and even receive distributionlines 1060 (shown in FIG. 10). Each of the channels 968 can becontinuous or, as shown, can be discontinuous or “interrupted” withinterspace portions of a material forming the spacer 630. As shown, thespacer 630 can define a single channel 968 aligned vertically with thecenterline. As shown, the spacer 630 can define each of a plurality ofchannels 968 proximate to and in the collar ends 913,914,915 of thespacer 630.

FIG. 10 shows a rear view of a portion of the device body 110 of thedevice 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 1in a partially assembled condition. As shown, the device body 110 cancomprise the inner layer 610 and the spacer 630. As also shown, in someaspects, the device body 110 can comprise the base plate 850. As alsoshown, in some aspects, the device body 110 can comprise a film 1040,which can be an adhesive film or an adhesive tape. As also shown, insome aspects, the device body 110 can comprise a plurality of thedistribution lines 1010 and, more specifically, distribution lines 1010a,b,c,d. In some aspects, the plurality of channels 968 can be definedin a corresponding plurality of the ribs 960, each of which can receiveone or more of the plurality of the distribution lines 1010 a,b,c,d. Thefilm 1040 can be or can comprise the aforementioned thermoplasticpolyurethane (TPU) or other thermoplastic film, which can be configuredto melt when heated for sew-free assembly of the inner layer and thespacer 630. In some aspects, as shown, the film 1040 can be clear.

The distribution lines 1010, which can be water distribution lines inthe case that water is the fluid used by the heat management device 100(shown in FIG. 1), can not only be received within the channels 968 ofthe spacer 630 but also routed through the spacer 630. The distributionlines 1010 can be made from silicone tubing, which can have holes (notshown) punched out or otherwise formed therein for, as will be describedbelow with respect to a method of use of the heat management device 100,allowing a fluid such as water to drip or spray out. More specifically,in some aspects, an outer diameter of each of the distribution lines1010 can be ⅛ inch (0.125 inches) and an inner diameter (shown in FIG.11) can be 1/16 inch. The distributions lines 1010 can be joined with,extended with, or terminated with a coupling, connector, or fitting 3370(shown in FIG. 33) and can branch off in different directions to cover awide area of the vest or, as desired, any particular portions of thevest. More specifically, the fitting 3370 can be a T type or Y typeconnector. When present, holes defined along the length of thedistribution lines 1010 can have a diameter of approximately 1 mm. Insome aspects, no fittings 3370 are needed and ends of the distributionlines 1010 can be left open. The orientation and routing of thedistribution lines 1010 can, as shown, limit bending of the distributionlines 1010 to avoid kinking thereof. In some aspects, the distributionlines 1010 are not required and another form of distribution of fluid(e.g., water) inside the vest can be used. In some aspects, one or moreof the distribution lines 1010 a,b,c,d—for example and withoutlimitation, one of the distribution lines 1010 c,d—can actually draw thefluid from or return the fluid to the reservoir 1510.

As shown, in some aspects, the device body 110 can comprise a strap orreinforcement member 1050, which can facilitate attachment of theenclosure 210 (shown in FIG. 2) and, more specifically, the base plate850 to the spacer 630. In some aspects, the reinforcement member 1050can define mounting holes or openings 1058, which can be sized andpositioned or otherwise configured to align with any of the mountingopenings 808 (shown in FIG. 8) of the inner layer 610, the mountingopenings 958 (shown in FIG. 9) of the spacer 630, the mounting openings858 (shown in FIG. 8) of the base plate 850, and corresponding mountingopenings 1458 (shown in FIG. 14) defined in the outer layer 620 (shownin FIGS. 6 and 14).

FIG. 11 shows a first detail rear perspective view of a portion of thedevice body 110 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, morespecifically, the vest of FIG. 1 in a partially assembled conditionshowing the inner layer 610, the spacer 630, the base plate 850, thefilm 1040, and the plurality of distribution lines 1010 a,b,c,d. Asshown, one of the tabs 840 is shown folded over the frame portion 940(shown in FIG. 9) at the bottom end 905 (shown in FIG. 9) of the spacer630. As shown, the film 1040 can be positioned between the frame portion940 of the spacer 630 and the tab 840 of the inner layer 610. Thedistribution lines 1010 a,b,c,d can be received within and retained bycorresponding channels 968 of corresponding ribs 960 of the spacer 630.Some of the tabs 840 of the inner layer 610 remain unbent in thepartially assembled condition shown.

FIG. 12 shows a second detail rear perspective view of the device body110 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vestof FIG. 1 in a partially assembled condition showing the inner layer610, the spacer 630, the film 1040, and the distribution line 1010 b. Asshown, a plurality of the tabs 840 are shown folded over correspondingportions of the frame portion 940 around a perimeter of the spacer 630,with the film 1040 positioned therebetween. The distribution line 1010 bcan be received within and retained by the channel 968 of the rib 960 ofthe spacer 630. Proximate to the collar end 814 and the shoulder ends824 a,b, for example, some of the tabs 840 of the inner layer 610 remainunbent in the partially assembled condition shown.

FIG. 13 shows a rear view of the device body 110 of the device 100(shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 1 in thepartially assembled condition of FIG. 12 and showing additional tabs 840folded over additional corresponding portions of the frame portion 940around a perimeter of the spacer 630. Additional film 1040 (shown inFIG. 11) can be positioned therebetween proximate to each of a pluralityof outer edges or ends 904,905,906,913,914,923 a,b, 924 a,b, 934,934(all shown in FIG. 9) of the spacer 630. As shown, a mesh material and,more specifically, mesh panels 1340 can be joined to the inner layer 610and, upon further assembly, the outer layer 620 to permit passage of theairflow 570 (shown in FIG. 7) from the airflow channel 680 (shown inFIG. 6) of the device body 110 through an exhaust vent 1770 (shown inFIG. 17) proximate to the top end 106 of the device body 110. Morespecifically, the mesh panels 1340 can be joined and sealed to the innerlayer 610 and/or the outer layer 620 with the same material as used forthe film 1040 or via sewing. The mesh material, which can be a fabricmesh, can be fine enough to limit or prevent contamination by ingress offoreign materials and yet allow substantially unimpeded exhaust of theairflow 570.

In some aspects, as shown, portions of the film 1040 can be positionedon a rear surface (i.e., facing and visible to a viewer of FIG. 13) ofeach of the tabs 840 and, in some aspects, also on a rear surface of oneor more of the ribs 960 proximate to each of a plurality of outer edgesor ends 904,905,906,913,914,923 a,b, 924 a,b, 934,934 (all shown in FIG.9) of the spacer 630. In these additional positions, the film 1040 can,as shown in FIG. 14, bond and also seal a joint between the device body110 as shown in FIG. 13 and the outer layer 620.

FIG. 14 shows a rear view of the device body 110 of the device 100(shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 1 in afurther assembled condition showing also the outer layer 620. The outerlayer 620, which can be symmetrical about at least a vertical centerline1401, can comprise the outer surface 622 and the inner surface 621(shown in FIG. 6). The outer layer 620 can define a left or first sideend 1403, a right or second side end 1404, a bottom end 1405, and a topend 1406. The outer layer 620 can define collar ends 1413,1414 at thetop end 1406, which can be proximate also to the respective side ends1403,1404 and a collar end 1415, which can be proximate also to thevertical centerline 1401. The outer layer 620 can define shoulder ends1423 a,b, 1424 a,b at the top end 1406, which can be proximate to therespective side ends 1403,1404. The outer layer 620 can define sleeve orside cutout ends 1433,1434, which can be defined at respective edges ofopenings defined in the top end 1406 and later can define, at least inpart directly or indirectly, the side openings 117 a,b (shown in FIG. 1)of the device body 110 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, thevest.

Each of the ends 1404,1405,1406,1413,1414,1423 a,b, 1424 a,b, 1434,1434can be straight or curved or can define a combination of straight andcurved segments. Each of the ends, including in particular the side ends1403,1404 and portions of the bottom end 1405 and portions of the sidecutout ends 1433,1434, can define edge portions 1440 extending away froma center of the outer layer 620 and towards an outer edge or perimeterof the device body 110.

As described above, the outer layer 620 can be bonded to the inner layer610 and the spacer 630 and, in the process, define the substantiallysealed body chamber 688 (shown also in FIG. 6). To facilitate drainageof a fluid inside the body chamber 688 towards a single point forremoval from or recycling through the body chamber 688, the body chamber688 can define a portion that is lower than every other portion, i.e.,that is closer to the bottom end 105 of the device body 110. In someaspects, the body chamber 688 can define a V-shape, shown in an uprightorientation and slightly visible behind the outer layer 620, and theportion of the body chamber 688 that is lower than every other portioncan be centered as shown, left to right, in the device body 110 and canbe aligned with the vertical centerline 1401. Again, one or more of themounting openings 1458 shown in the outer layer 620 can be sized andpositioned or otherwise configured to align with any one or more of themounting openings 1058 of the reinforcement member 1050, the mountingopenings 958 of the spacer 630, the mounting openings 858 of the baseplate 850, and the mounting openings 808 of the inner layer 610. Thedistribution lines 1010 a,b,c,d can extend from an opening 1408 definedin the outer layer 620 for assembly to one or more pumps 2560 (shown inFIG. 25). In some aspects, one or more of the distribution lines 1010a,b,c,d can pierce or extend through a small slit in the outer layer 620to facilitate connection of such distribution lines to the reservoir1510.

FIG. 15 shows a rear perspective detail view of the device body 110 ofthe device 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 1 showing the reservoir 1510 of the vest when partially withdrawnfrom a reservoir pocket 220 of the vest and the enclosure 210 with thecontrol button 310 extending therefrom. In some aspects, the reservoir1510 can be a separate component from the device body 110. Morespecifically, the reservoir 1510 can be a tank or pouch. In someaspects, for example and without limitation, the reservoir 1510 candefine a volume in a range of 250 mL to 2 L. In other aspects, thereservoir 1510 can define a volume outside of this range. In someaspects, the reservoir 1510 can be formed from or comprise polyethyleneresin. In some aspects, a reservoir 1510 in the form of an internalpouch can be formed integrally from layers of the device body 110 withwatertight seals as needed to prevent leakage of fluid outside thereservoir 1510. The reservoir 1510 can comprise one or more connectors1550, which can comprise a pair of selectively removable connectors 1550a,b, and tubing 1570 positioned inside the reservoir 1510. The tubing1570 can place an interior cavity of the reservoir 1510 in fluidcommunication with the one or more pumps 2560 of the device 100 throughtubing 1560 extending to and from the one or more pumps 2560.

FIG. 16 shows a front perspective view of the device body 110 of thedevice 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 1showing a battery 1610 of the vest partially withdrawn from a batterypocket 1620 of the vest. In some aspects, as shown, the battery pocket1620 can be assembled with stitching to the inner surface 111 of thedevice body 110. In some aspects, the battery pocket 1620 can beassembled with other fastening methods. In some aspects, the battery1610 or the battery pocket 1620 can be positioned inside the device 100and be not visible from outside the device 100. As shown, an opening1628 of the battery pocket 1620 can be visible and can provide accessthereto.

The battery 1610 can comprise any one of a number of energy storagetechnologies, capacities, and physical characteristics. In some aspects,the battery 1610 can be or can comprise a lithium polymer or lithium ionbattery; the battery 1610 can define a capacity such as, for example andwithout limitation, 5000 milliamp-hours (mAH) or 10,000 mAH; and thebattery 1610 can comprise a USB output. As shown, the enclosure 210 canbe positioned behind the inner surface 111 of the device body 110 andcan be, at least in part, secured to the inner surface 111 by one ormore fasteners 1690. A power cord 1630 can extend from the enclosure 210and can place the battery 1610 in electrical communication with theother electrical components of the device 100.

FIG. 17 shows a detail front perspective view of the device body 110 ofthe device 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 1. As shown, an outer portion of a collar 1710, which can behemmed, can at least in part define the top opening 104 of the devicebody 110. As described above, the device body 110 can comprise thefastener 190, which can be a sliding fastener. The fastener 190 can be aclosure fastener fixably closing the device 100 about a body of the user50.

FIG. 18 shows a detail front perspective view of the device body 110 ofthe device 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 1 showing an inner portion of the collar 1710 and the exhaust vent1770 positioned therethrough. As shown, the exhaust vent 1770 can extendat least partially around a length of the collar 1710. In some aspects,the exhaust vent 1770 can extend around a full length or substantiallyaround a full length of the collar 1710. In some aspects, the exhaustvent 1770 can be defined elsewhere on the device body 110 and in any oneof a number of positions in a front, rear, side, top, or bottom portionof the outer surface 112 of the device body 110. For example and withoutlimitation, one or more of the exhaust vents 1770 can be locatedadjacent to the side openings 117 a,b. In some aspects, the exhaust vent1770 can function as an inlet or intake vent.

FIG. 19 shows a sectional view of a lower edge of the device body 110 ofthe device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 4 showing an inlet spacer 1930 of the vest. As the inner layer 610and the outer layer 620 can define an airflow channel 680 therebetween,a space in which the spacer 630 can be positioned, the outer layer 620and a third layer or outermost layer 1920 can, as channel boundaries,define a secondary airflow channel or inlet airflow channel 1980. Theoutermost layer 1920 can define an inner surface 1921 and an outersurface 1922, a bottom end 1923 and a top end 1924. The outermost layer1920 can be joined to one or both of the outer layer 620 and the innerlayer 610 to form the device body 110 of the device 100. Thus the outerlayer 620 can become a middle layer positioned between the inner layer610 and the outermost layer 1920 as shown. In some aspects, the inletairflow channel can be offset in cross-section from the airflow channel680 in a direction perpendicular to an orientation of the airflowchannel 680 at a position proximate to the inlet airflow channel 1980.

The outermost layer 1920 can comprise a first portion 1941 proximate tothe bottom end 1923 and a second portion 1942 extending upward towardsthe top end 1924 from the first portion 1941. In some aspects, as shown,the bottom end 1923 of the outermost layer 1920 and the bottom end 1405of the outer layer 620 can define a channel height 1940 therebetween andan intake vent 1982 through which the airflow 570 can enter from below.In some aspects, the bottom end 1923 of the outermost layer 1920 canextend towards and sealably connect to the bottom end 1405 of the outerlayer 620, and the first portion 1941 of the outermost layer can definean intake vent 1982 through which the airflow 570 can enter from therear of the device body 110. In some aspects, as shown, the intake vent1982 can be an open space not covered with any material. In someaspects, as shown, e.g., in FIGS. 34 and 37, the intake vent 1982 can becovered with a mesh material such as, for example and withoutlimitation, the mesh material of the exhaust vent 1770 (shown in FIG.17). More specifically, the intake vent 1982 can extend around aperimeter of a bottom end 105 of the device body and be defined in thefirst portion 1941 of the outermost layer 1920. A height 1971 of thefirst portion 1941 and a height 1972 of the second portion 1942 of theoutermost layer 1920 can be adjusted to increase or decrease air flowcapacity through the intake vent 1982.

In some aspects, one or more intake vents 1982 can be positionedproximate to and defined in the collar 1710 (e.g., proximate to a neckof the user) of the device body 110, proximate to the side openings 117a,b (e.g., proximate to armpits of the user 50), or proximate to thebottom end 105 at the first and second or left and right outermost sidesof the device body 110 (e.g., proximate to hips of the user 50). Amaterial of the outermost layer 1920 can be the same material as usedfor the inner layer 610 and/or the outer layer 620 or can be anothermaterial.

FIG. 20 shows a rear view (which can also be a front view) of a middlelayer of the device body 110 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and,more specifically, the vest of FIG. 4. The middle layer can be the outerlayer 620. The outer layer 620 can define a boundary or face for each ofthe airflow channel 680 and the inlet airflow channel 1980. While notshown in FIG. 19, the outer layer 620 can define air passage openings2080 to facilitate movement of the airflow 570 (shown in FIG. 19) fromthe inlet airflow channel 1980 to the airflow channel 680. Morespecifically, a portion of the inner surface 621 (shown in FIG. 6) ofthe outer layer 620 surrounding each of the fans 2270 can be sealed thecorresponding fan 2270 with an adhesive between the inner surface 621and one of the fan 2270 and any intermediate mounting plate such as amounting plate 2275 (shown in FIG. 22).

FIG. 21 shows a front view of a portion of the device 100 (shown in FIG.4) and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 4 in a partially assembledcondition showing the inner layer 610 and the middle or outer layer 620of the device body 110 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, morespecifically, the vest in accordance with another aspect of the currentdisclosure. The inner layer 610, which can be smaller than the outerlayer 620 as shown, can be joined to the outer layer 620—and sealablyso—with one or more strips 2140. The strips 2140 can comprise a materialsuch as, for example and without limitation, a fabric laminated to theaforementioned film 1040 (shown in FIG. 10).

A lower portion 2110 of the strips 2140, which can define a “V” patternacross the partially assembled device body and can be defined as firstand second lower portions, can seal a joint between the inner layer 610and the outer layer 620 proximate to the respective bottom ends 805,1405of the inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620. A first side portion2120 a of the strips 2140 can seal a joint between the inner layer 610and the outer layer 620 proximate to the respective first side ends803,1403 of the inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620. Similarly, asecond side portion 2120 b of the strips 2140 can seal a joint betweenthe inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620 proximate to the respectivesecond side ends 804,1404 of the inner layer 610 and the outer layer620. A first top portion 2130 a of the strips 2140 can seal a jointbetween the inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620 proximate to therespective shoulder ends 823 a,b, 1423 a,b of the inner layer 610 andthe outer layer 620. Similarly, a second top portion 2130 b of thestrips 2140 can seal a joint between the inner layer 610 and the outerlayer 620 proximate to the respective shoulder ends 824 a,b, 1424 a,b ofthe inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620. In some aspects, where thelower portion 2110 and each of the side portions 2120 a,b intersect, anadditional piece of the film 1040 or the material forming the strips2140 can be secured to strengthen the seal between the inner layer 610and the outer layer 620 and to prevent capillary connection between thelower portion 2110 and the corresponding second portion 2120 a,b.

The inner layer 610, the outer layer 620, and the various portions ofthe strips 2140 such as, more specifically, the portions 2110,2120 a,b,2130 a,b can together define a sealed body chamber 688 (shown in FIG.6), which can be sealed except, for example, at the collar ends813,1413,814,1414 where the exhaust vents 1770 (shown in FIG. 17) can bedefined. The “V” shape formed at a bottom end of the body chamber 688proximate to the respective bottom ends 805,1405 of the inner layer 610and the outer layer 620 can define a recollect area or collector 2160 ofthe body chamber 688 from which fluid collected inside the device body110 and drawn downwards by gravity can be drawn for recycling inside thevest or for return to the reservoir 1510.

In some aspects, as shown in FIGS. 10-13, the bottom end 805 of theinner layer 610 can be extended and wrapped around the spacer 630 andthe outer surface 612 of the inner layer 610 can be bonded to the innersurface 621 of the outer layer 620. Such a construction, which can alsobe formed into a “V” shape, can also allow for the collection of excesswater from the collector 2160.

FIG. 22 shows a rear view of a spacer assembly 2200 of the device body110 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, more specifically, the vestof FIG. 4 in a partially assembled condition showing the spacer 630, aplurality of the fans 2270, and the enclosure 210 in accordance withanother aspect of the current disclosure. As shown, each of the fans2270 can be a blower fan such as, for example and without limitation, aNo. BFB0505MA-C 50 mm square 5 VDC input blower fan available from DeltaFans.

The fans 2270 can be built into the spacer 630 and into the airflowchannel 680 of the device body 110 without the enclosure 210. As will bedescribed, the enclosure 210 can still house other electricalcomponents. The blower fans, which can be centrifugal fans, can bedistributed throughout the spacer 630 of the device 100 and attachedwith fasteners such as, for example and without limitation, a screw or awire tie, as will be described below. As shown, each of the fans 2270can be secured to the mounting plate 2275. More specifically, the spacer630 can define openings for at least a portion of the fans 2270 to bereceived therein. In some aspects, the fans 2270 can be at least partlypositioned inside the airflow channel 680. When configured as a blowerfan, a direction of the airflow 570 (shown in FIG. 7) exiting the fancan be angled with respect to a direction of the airflow 570 enteringthe fan. In such a configuration the fan 2270 can thus draw in air in adirection angled with respect to the airflow channel 680 and then director blow air in a direction parallel to and therefore directly into theairflow channel 680. If a representative fan inlet 2278 is facing theexterior as shown, the airflow 570 can be inducted directly from theoutside ambient air.

In some aspects, a vertical axis 2271 of each of the fans 2270 can beangled with respect to the vertical centerline 901 or with respect to avertical orientation when the device 100 is in use. This can, forexample and without limitation, result in better distribution of theairflow 570 through the airflow channel 680 and can, in some aspects,encourage water dripping on the fans 2270 to more readily roll off thefans 2270. As will be described below, aspects of the mounting plate2275 can also help to keep moisture in the body chamber 688 (shown inFIG. 6).

An inlet channel layer such as shown in FIG. 19 can also be added atopor adjacent to the inlet of the centrifugal fans, allowing for intakefrom the sides rather than directly from the ambient air. In the case ofa device 100 such as the vest without the inlet airflow channel 1980,the fan can draw air directly from the outside. If an object covers thefan inlet, however, then the airflow 570 can be blocked and cooling canbe impeded. With the inlet airflow channel 1980, the airflow 570 can berouted from an intake vent 1982 positioned away from the one or morefans 2270 of the device 100 and can have a covering on top, allowinglayers to be worn on top. In some aspects, the inlet airflow channel1980 can draw air from the bottom edge of a shirt, jacket, or vestdefining the device 100. This construction can allow for a flatconstruction since blower fans can be made thin and can blow air in theplane of rotation. This flat construction can help with functionalityand aesthetics. This construction also can work without a protrudingenclosure, enabling the use of items such as backpacks and body armorwhich can be worn over the cooling apparel.

As shown, the device body 110 can comprise an electrical wire 2210 forconnecting the control button 310 and the power cord 1630 for connectingthe battery 1610 (shown in FIG. 16) to the other electrical componentsof the device 100.

In some aspects, as also shown, the distribution lines 1010 a,b of afluid or, in the case of water as the fluid, a hydraulic circuit of thedevice 100 can be routed along the lower and side edges, and thedistribution lines 1010 c,d can extend or run to the reservoir 1510 inthe middle of the device body. A collector line 2260, which is showextending vertically downward, can be used to vacuum up any of the fluidinside the collector 2160 of the device body 110. As shown, an outlet ofthe distribution lines 1010 can be positioned across the device 100 fromthe one or more pumps 2560.

FIG. 23 shows a rear perspective view of the device body 110 of thedevice 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, more specifically, the vest of FIG. 4in a partially assembled condition showing the fans 2270, the controlbutton 310, and the battery 1610 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 4)and, more specifically, the vest. As shown, the assembly shown in FIG.22 can be positioned between the inner layer 610 and the outer layer620. Fan mounts comprising the fans 2270 and the mounting plates 2275can be bonded around the fan intake openings in the outer layer 620. Theouter layer can define holes for passage of the control button 310 andthe power cord 1630 from and out of the airflow channel 680. The film1040 or the strips 2140 can be positioned proximate the side ends can bebonded on the bottom end 805 or side ends 803,804 of the inner layer 610to the outer layer 620 after the assembly shown in FIG. 22 is inserted.The outer layer 620 can also define openings for passage of thehydraulic lines from the airflow channel 680 and to the reservoir 1510.The outermost layer 1920 can be sewn onto the outer layer 620 at the topedges or the top ends 906,1406 as shown. As shown, the outermost layercan cover the entire vest and can similarly cover other devices 100.

FIG. 24 shows a detail rear perspective view of the device body 110 ofthe device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 4 in a partially assembled condition showing the inlet spacer 1930and the outer layer 620 of the vest. As shown, the inlet spacer 1930 canbe positioned on top of or against the outer surface 622 of the outerlayer 620. Such placement of the inlet spacer 1930 immediately adjacentto the fan inlets 2278 can ensure that the airflow 570 can enter thefans 2270 even if a backpack or other equipment is in flat contact withan outer surface 112 of the device 100. The inlet spacer 1930 can defineopenings 1918 to facilitate airflow through the inlet spacer 1930,openings 2480 to facilitate airflow into each of the fans 2270, and anopening 2410 to provide a relieved area in the inlet spacer 1930 for thebattery 1610 to be received within.

FIG. 25 shows a detail perspective view of the enclosure 210 andsurrounding portions of the device body 110 of the device 100 shown inFIG. 1. The enclosure 210 can house a single instance of the pump 2560,a plurality of fans 2270, and a controller, which can comprise a printedcircuit board assembly (PCBA) 2550. As shown, in some aspects, the fans2270 can be tubeaxial fans, in which case the direction of the airflowentering each fan 2270 is parallel to the direction of the airflowexiting each fan 2270. More specifically, each of the fans 2270 can be atubeaxial fan such as, for example and without limitation, a No.109P0405J602 40 mm square 5 VDC input tubeaxial fan available from SanyoDenki, which has a capacity of 9.9 cubic feet per minute (CFM) or 0.277m³/min. Each of the fans 2270 can be positioned inside a fan module 2510of the enclosure 210 and with the rest of the enclosure 210 can bepositioned on top of or against the base plate 850 with fasteners 1690(shown in FIG. 16). The base plate 850 can be affixed to the inner layer610 (shown in FIG. 6) with adhesive.

An intake vent 1982 defined in a lower wall of the enclosure can beconfigured to allow air to enter the fans 2270. A space defined betweenthe base plate 850 and a remaining portion of the enclosure 210—thatportion of the enclosure 210 that houses the pump 2560 and the fans2270—can define a fan exhaust 2570 on the exhaust side of the fans 2270and facing the airflow channel 680 and the spacer 630. Morespecifically, a height of the fan exhaust in a thickness direction ofthe airflow channel 680 (shown in FIG. 6) can define a fan exhaustheight approximately as thick as the thickness 634 of the spacer 630. Asshown, an axis 2272 along which air generally enters and exits each ofthe fans 2270 can vary and, in some aspects, can be angled with respectto a vertical centerline 1401 (shown in FIG. 14) of the device body 110and an axis 211 of the enclosure 210.

In some aspects, the pump 2560 can be a peristaltic pump such as, forexample and without limitation, a No. B07JK3629Z6 VDC pump by Bewinnerand having a flow rate of 20-60 mL/min. In some aspects, other methodsof fluid distribution can be used, e.g., an ultrasonic mister. In otheraspects, the pump 2560 can be an impeller pump, a diaphragm pump, oranother type of pump. The inlet of the pump 2560 can be attached to thereservoir 1510 and in fluid communication therewith, and the output ofthe pump 2560 can be connected to the distributions lines 1010 and influid communication therewith. The pump can be configured to draw thefluid (e.g., water) from the storage location (e.g., the reservoir 1510)and pump it through the distribution lines 1010. A second pump 2560 candraw the fluid from the collector 2160 at the bottom of the airflowchannel 680 and return the fluid to the reservoir 1510. In some aspects,the device 100 can comprise one or more check valves, which can also beset up to collect water from the collector 2160.

Again, the device 100 can also comprise and the enclosure 210 can housethe printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) 2550. The PCB 2550 generallyneed not be waterproof, and the device 100 can generally be configuredto continue operating even should the electrical components of thedevice 100 become wet. The electrical and electronic components can bepowered through the power cord 1630 (shown in FIG. 16) comprising, forexample and without limitation, a USB or microUSB connection, which canprovides 5 V to the PCB 2550. The power to the USB can come from a powersupply comprising, for example and without limitation, an externalbattery pack (e.g., the battery 1610 shown in FIG. 16) or an internalbattery pack. Other sources of power including, for example and withoutlimitation, a solar panel can also be used to power the fan(s) 2270 andthe pump(s). Again, the battery 1610 can be received and held in aninterior pocket as shown in FIG. 16.

FIG. 26 shows a detail perspective view of the enclosure 210 inaccordance with another aspect of the current disclosure. As shown, theenclosure 210 can house a pair of pumps 2560 a,b and the PCB 2550, andthe fans 2270 can be positioned outside the enclosure 210 as shown inFIG. 22. As shown, each of the pumps 2560 can be a diaphragm pump suchas, for example and without limitation, a No. BD-01W 6 VDC pump by Bodenand having a flow rate of 100 mL/min. The enclosure 210 can itselfdefine a body 2610 and a cover 2810 (shown in FIG. 28). The body 2610and the cover 2810 can define an interior cavity 2680 sized to receivethe components shown, and either or both of the body 2610 and the cover2810 can further define respective mounting tabs 2650,2850, which candefine mounting holes 2658,2858 for securing the cover 2810 to the body2610 and for securing the body 2610 to the device body 110 (shown inFIG. 1). Similarly as described above, the first pump 2560 a can beconfigured to draw the fluid from the reservoir 1510 (shown in FIG. 15)and pump it through the distribution lines 1010, and the second pump2560 b can draw the fluid from the collector 2160 at the bottom of theairflow channel 680 (shown in FIG. 6) and return the fluid to thereservoir 1510.

FIG. 27 shows a detail perspective view of a front side or bottom sideof the PCB 2550. As shown, each of the fans 2770 and each of the pumps2560 a,b can connect to the PCB 2550 through a connector. The power cord1630 and the electrical wire 2210 can also connect to the PCB 2550.

FIG. 28 shows a front perspective view of a cover 2810 of the enclosureof FIG. 26. As described above, the cover 2810 can comprise mountingtabs 2850, which can define mounting holes 2858.

FIGS. 29-31 show various views of one of the plurality of fans 2270showing also the mounting plate 2275 secured thereto. FIG. 29 is a frontperspective view of the fan 2270. As shown, one or more fasteners 2990can secure the fan 2270 to the mounting plate 2275. FIG. 30 shows a rearperspective view of the fan 2270. As shown, the mounting plate 2275 candefine one or more openings 3008, which can be defined proximate to anedge of the mounting plate 2275; and the one or more fasteners 3090 cansecure the mounting plate 2275 to surrounding structure such as, forexample and without limitation, the spacer 630. More specifically, eachfastener 3090 can extend through one of the one or more openings 3008and a portion of the surrounding structure. The fastener 3090 can be anyusable fastener but, as shown, can be a wire tie (also known as a cabletie or “zip” tie). FIG. 31 shows a side perspective view of the fan 2270showing a blower wheel and fan lead wires and a side profile of themounting plate 2275. A height 3175 of the mounting plate 2275 and aheight 3170 of the inlet flange, which can protrude into the inletspacer 1930, can be adjusted to compensate for a thickness of the 630 orfor other dimensions of the device body 110. The height 3175 and a slopeangle 3177 of the mounting plate 2275 can help keep moisture inside thebody chamber 688 (shown in FIG. 6). Similarly, the height 3175 and aslope angle 3172 of the mounting plate 2275 can help keep moistureinside the body chamber 688.

FIG. 32 shows a schematic diagram of an electrical system of the devicebody 110 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, more specifically, thevest of FIG. 4 overlaid on the spacer 630 showing electrical connectionsof the vest of FIG. 4 and the spacer 630 in a simplified form.

FIG. 33 shows a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of the devicebody 110 of the device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, more specifically, thevest of FIG. 4 overlaid on the spacer 630 showing hydraulic connectionsof the vest of FIG. 4 and the spacer 630 in a simplified form. Thedevice 100 can comprise the distribution lines 1010 a,b,c,d,e, which canbe used to distribute a fluid (e.g., water) inside the vest for coolingpurposes. The device 100 can comprise the distribution lines 1010 f,g,which can correspond, respectively, to the tubing 1560 shown in FIG. 15for drawing fluid from and returning fluid to the reservoir 1510. Asdescribed above, one or more of the distribution lines 1010 canterminate in the fittings 3370. As shown, the device 100 can compriseone or more filters 3350, which can operate in-line with thedistribution lines 1010 and can filter water before it passes throughthe pumps 2560. More specifically, the reservoir 1510 can comprise afilter 3350 a to filter the water cycling back through the reservoir1510, and the collector line 2260 can comprise a filter 3350 b to filterthe water vacuumed up from the collector 2160.

FIG. 34 shows a front perspective view of the vest of FIG. 4 in apartially open condition showing the control button 310, the power cord1630, and the fastener 190 for connecting front edges of the vest. Asshown, the device 100 and, more specifically, the vest can comprise apair of tightening fasteners 3490 a,b, each of which can in some aspectscomprise webbing 3493 extending from each joint edge 120 a,b and atleast one buckle 3495 attached to one of the pieces of webbing 3493.Each of the tightening fasteners 3490 a,b, which can be a belt, can passbetween the outer layer 620 and the outermost layer 1920. The buckle3495, which can be a plastic triglide-style buckle or any other kind ofbuckle, including quick-connect buckles, can be sewn to an end ofportion or side of the belt. In some aspects, a tightness of the device100 can be adjusted by producing an inner circumference the device 100in different sizes and/or shapes to accommodate varying user body sizes.In some aspects, one or more of the tightening fasteners 3490 a,b couldcomprise an elastic material. In some aspects, one or more of thetightening fasteners 3490 a,b could comprise a hook and loop fastener.In some aspects, the device 100 can comprise only a single tighteningfastener. In some aspects, the device 100 can comprise more than twotightening fasteners. The tightening fastener 3490 can be a closurefastener adjustably tightening the device 100 about a body of the user50. More specifically, the tightening fastener 3490 can be used toadjust a circumferential dimension of the device 100 (i.e., a directionaround the torso or other portion of the body of the user 50).

By tightening or loosening the tightening fasteners 3490, the devicebody 110 can be made to fit tighter or looser around a body and, in thecase of the vest, a torso of the user 50 (shown in FIG. 1). Improvedconformity or, in other words, a closer fit between an inner surface 111of the device 100 and the body can improve cooling but improving theability of the device 100 to remove heat from the body throughconduction.

As also shown, the control button 310 can be secured to and be visiblefrom an outer surface 112 of the device body 110 of the device 100. Morespecifically, the control button 310 can be positioned and sewnproximate to a lower edge of the outermost layer 1920 of the vest.

FIG. 35 shows a front perspective view of a control button opening 3580of the vest of FIG. 4. As shown, a mounting panel 3510, which can be aflexible washer or annular ring defining the control button opening3580, can be secured to a portion of the device body 110 such as, forexample and without limitation, the outer surface 112.

FIGS. 36 and 37 shows front perspective views of the device body 110 ofthe device 100 (shown in FIG. 4) and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 4. FIG. 36 shows a front right portion of the vest, and FIG. 37shows a front left portion of the device body 110 of the vest. As shownin FIG. 36, the intake vent 1982 can extend partially around a loweredge of the device body 110 proximate to the bottom end 1405. As shownin FIG. 37, the intake vent 1982 can extend completely around a loweredge of the device body 110 proximate to the bottom end 1405 and stoponly at the fastener 190.

FIG. 38 shows a front perspective view of the tightening fastener 3490comprising webbing 3493 and the buckle 3495 in an installed conditioninside a partially assembled vest. The device body can comprise one ormore straps or guides 3810, which can help locate and maintain aposition of the tightening fastener 3490 relative to the device body110.

FIG. 39 shows a front perspective view of the user 50 of the vesttightening the tightening fasteners 3490 a,b before tightening thefastener 190, and FIG. 40 shows a front perspective view of the vest asfully donned by the user 50 and in an operating condition. In operationwith the control button 310 in a condition to facilitate cooling of theuser 50, a portion of the control button 310 such as, for example andwithout limitation, an outer ring or central portion can be configuredto display a light such as a colored LED light to signal the particularsetting of the control button 310 and, more broadly, the device 100. Asshown, the intake vent 1982 and the inlet airflow channel 1980 extendingtherefrom can extend substantially across one of a width (if open) and acircumference (if closed) of the device 100, which can facilitate agreater volume of the airflow 570 (shown in FIG. 7) into the device 100.

FIG. 41 shows an image of a rear perspective of the device body 110 ofthe device 100 (shown in FIG. 1) and, more specifically, the vest ofFIG. 1 as worn by the user, a left half of the image showing the vestwith thermal imaging in a cooling mode as worn be the user and a righthalf of the image being a photograph of the vest as worn be the user. Asrepresented in color, cooler colors indicate cooler (i.e., lower)temperatures and warmer colors indicate warmer (i.e., higher)temperatures. Here, blue indicates the coolest temperature. Asrepresented in black and white, darker shades of grey indicate coolertemperatures and lighter shades of grey indicate warmer temperatures. Asshown, the presence of the reservoir pocket 220 and the enclosure 210can affect the ability to measure a temperature of the user 50 close tothe body.

In some aspects, the device 100 and, more specifically, the device body110 can comprise sleeves to form a jacket. Each sleeve of such a jacketcan comprise a separate pump and recollection line. In some aspects, thedevice 100 can be sized and configured to fit an animal such as, forexample and without limitation, a dog.

Beyond the exemplary vest and jacket, a variety of uses of thestructures and methods disclosures herein are possible. In some aspects,for example, when the device 100 comprises tubular or tube-shapedstructures such as a pair of pants, the cooling of such pants canresemble the cooling of the aforementioned vest when closed, with one ormore of the same exemplary components such as the airflow channel 680,the fans 2270, the hydraulic system, an intake vent, and an exhaust ventbut with the components repositioned or reduced or increased in numberas desired based on a diameter and height of each pants leg varying fromcomparable dimensions of the vest. In some aspects, for example, whenthe device 100 comprises flat structures such as a blanket, the coolingof the blanket can resemble the cooling of the vest when open, with oneor more of the same exemplary components such as the airflow channel680, the fans 2270, the hydraulic system, an intake vent, and an exhaustvent but with, again, the components repositioned or reduced orincreased in number as desired based on a width and height of theblanket varying from comparable dimensions of the vest.

In some aspects, the fans 2270 or other components are not required inthe device 100. For example and as desired, air flow and water flow canbe supplied by an outside system and simply routed into the device 100through tubing or hoses. In some aspects, for example the user 50 (e.g.,a worker in a factory) can be relatively stationary and can get accessto forced air, water, and electricity in close proximity to, if notinside, his or her place of work and can route same into a portion ofthe device 100, including a portion proximate to the bottom of thedevice 100.

In some aspects, the device 100 can comprise one or more heatingfilaments, with which the device 100 can be used to heat the user 50.Such heating elements can be directly attached to the inner layer 610and can thereby directly touch the body or the clothing worn by the user50. This is already frequently done in heated vests, and a similarAconstruction could be added to the cooling vest. A heater could also beadded that heats the water which is then distributed to the inner.

A method of manufacturing the heat management device 100 can compriseone or more of the following steps:

-   -   1. Forming the inner layer 610, which can comprise coating the        “wet” sublayer 720 of the inner layer 610 with a polyurethane        dry sublayer 710. In some aspects, coating the sublayer 720 can        comprise using a wet chemical processes involving adhesives and        a coagulated base. In some aspects, coating the sublayer 720 can        comprise using a dry process involving two-component reactive        polyether-polycarbonate.    -   2. Forming the outer layer 620.    -   3. Forming the spacer 630, which can include weaving with        thread.    -   4. Cutting the inner layer 610, e.g., by laser cutting or die        cutting.    -   5. Cutting the outer layer 620 by a similar or different method.    -   6. Cutting the spacer 630, e.g., by a similar or different        method.    -   7. Bonding the base plate 850 to the inner layer 610, which can        be with an adhesive.    -   8. Laying the inner layer 610 on a substantially flat work        surface with the inner surface 611, which can be the “wet” side,        facing up.    -   9. Laying the spacer 630 on top of the inner layer 610.    -   10. Lining up the mounting openings 808,858,958,1458.    -   11. Attaching, e.g., by sewing, the mesh panels 1340 to the        inner layer 610 around the neckline.    -   12. Positioning the distribution line 1010 on the spacer 630,        e.g., by routing the distribution line 1010 inside a channel 968        defined in the spacer 630. Positioning the distribution line        1010 on the spacer 630 can comprise routing the distribution        lines 1010 for the reservoir 1510 in the middle and routing the        distribution lines 1010 for wetting the inner layer 610 along        the edges.    -   13. Installing the fittings 3370, e.g., for coupling, branching,        or terminating a distribution line 1010, on one or more of the        distribution lines 1010.    -   14. Installing a remainder of the distribution lines 1010.    -   15. Positioning strips or panels of the film 1040 on the spacer        630 to bond the spacer 630 and the outer layer 620.    -   16. Folding the edges or tabs 840 of the inner layer 610 over        the spacer 630 and the film 1040.    -   17. Heating the corresponding joint, e.g., with a heated metal        surface such as, for example and without limitation, a clothes        iron.    -   18. Positioning strips or panels of the film 1040 on interior        portions of the spacer 630, i.e., the ribs 960.    -   19. Positioning strips or panels of the film 1040 on the folded        over taps of the inner layer 610.    -   20. Laying the outer layer 620 on top of the above assembly        comprising the spacer 630 and the inner layer 610.    -   21. Aligning edges or ends of the outer layer 620 with edges of        the above assembly.    -   22. Laying the outer layer 620 on the above assembly such that        the waterproof (i.e., the “dry” sublayer 710) contacts the film        1040.    -   23. Moving the above assembly to heat press such that the layers        do not shift relative to each other.    -   24. Setting the heat press to 415 degrees Fahrenheit.    -   25. Closing the heat press.    -   26. Holding the heat press closed for 30 seconds to bond the        film 1040 between the spacer 630 and the outer layer 620.    -   27. Broadly speaking, sandwiching the spacer 630 between the        inner layer 610 and the outer layer 620 of the device 100 to        form the airflow channel 680 therebetween. This can comprise        sealing a connection between the inner layer 610 and the outer        layer 620 to define the body chamber 688.    -   28. Leaving open the inlets to the distributions lines 1010.    -   29. Folding the vest over.    -   30. Joining the shoulder straps or ends to each other, which can        comprise assembling, e.g., by sewing, the shoulder ends 823 a,b,        824 a,b of the inner layer 610.    -   31. Hemming the edges or ends of the inner layer 610 and the        outer layer 620, e.g., by sewing in a rolled hem.    -   32. Attaching the fastener 190, e.g., by sewing.    -   33. Attaching the bias binding for the collar 1710 and the        sleeve or side openings 117 a,b.    -   34. Installing the pump 2560 in the enclosure 210.    -   35. Installing the motor driver electronics in the enclosure        210.    -   36. Connecting an output of the pump 2560 to the distributions        lines 1010.    -   37. Attaching an inlet of the pump 2560 to the reservoir 1510.    -   38. Installing the fan 2270 in the fan module 2510 of the        enclosure 210.    -   39. Positioning the fan module 2510 of the enclosure 210 on top        of the base plate 850.    -   40. Securing the fan module 2510 to the base plate 850 with        fasteners, e.g., mounting screws.    -   41. Affixing the outer layer 620 of the airflow channel 680 to        this module with an adhesive or a clamp such as the        reinforcement member 1050. It can be helpful to ensure that        proper airflow is routed to the airflow channel 680 from the fan        module 2510 and that the outer layer 620 does not impede such        airflow.    -   42. Attaching battery pocket to the inner layer 610.    -   43. Installing the control button 310, e.g., on the enclosure        210 or on the outermost layer 1920 of the device body 110.

The method of manufacturing the device 100 can comprise joining theinner layer 610, the spacer 630, and the outer layer 620 together toform a flexible assembly. The method can comprise other bonding methodsas well as fabric adhesive. Method steps comprising cutting can compriselaser cutting, die cutting, and cutting with shears. Fabric can bestretched over a body with shaped cutouts and joined to adjacent pieceswith stitching and subsequent waterproofing of stitched seams, or via anadhesive joining process rather than a sewing process. Bonding of layerscan be done via coating, adhesive joining, or using the film 1040. Bondsbetween different cuts of fabric can be also done with adhesive orsewing with seam sealing afterwards. In some aspects, method ofmanufacturing the heat management device 100 can comprise one or more ofthe following additional steps:

-   -   1. Cutting or otherwise forming openings in the outer layer 620        to allow passage of the electrical wire 2210 to the control        button 310 and of the power cord 1630.    -   2. Forming the inlet airflow channel 1980 by preparing and        assembling the inlet spacer 1930 and the outermost layer 1920.    -   3. Building the spacer assembly 2200 comprising the spacer 630        and the components of the electrical and hydraulic systems.    -   4. Inserting the spacer assembly 2200 in between the inner layer        610 and the outer layer 620.    -   5. Sealing the inner layer 610 to the fan or to the mounting        plate 2275, e.g., with adhesive.    -   6. Bonding the film 1040 at the side ends to join the inner        layer 610 to the outer layer 620 after the spacer assembly 2200        is inserted.    -   7. Cutting or otherwise forming openings in the outer layer 620        to allow passage of the distribution lines to come out of and go        to the reservoir 1510.    -   8. Bonding the outermost layer 1920 to the outer layer 620 at        the top edges, e.g., by sewing.    -   9. Adding the mesh panels on top of the outer layer 620.    -   10. Adding heating filaments to the device 100.

In some aspects, at a high level, a method of using the heat managementdevice 100 can comprise one or more of the following additional steps:

-   -   1. Donning the shirt 250.    -   2. Donning the device 100.    -   3. Conforming an inner surface 111 of the device 100 to the        contours of the body, which can comprise adjusting the        tightening fastener(s) 3490 a,b to a desired tightness.    -   4. Closing the device 100 with the fastener 190.    -   5. Powering on the vest to a desired cooling level. Powering on        the vest can comprise holding down the control button 310 until        control button lights of the control button 310 come on.    -   6. Clicking the control button 310 to cycle to the desired        cooling setting (Blue=High, Red=Medium, Green=Low). Clicking or        pressing the control button 310 can comprise sending a signal        back to the electronics control unit, which can start the pump        2560 and the fans 2270. Cycling through the cooling settings can        comprise sending control signals back to the microcontroller        housed in the enclosure 210 and then powering the fans 2270 and        the pump 2560 according to the user input from the buttons,        which can comprise increasing or decreasing the fan power and        pump power, which can thereby adjust the rate of cooling up or        down.    -   7. If power doesn't turn on, checking that the battery 1610        (located on inside bottom of vest) still has charge.    -   8. Refilling the reservoir 1510 with water. The device 100 will        indicate low water by turning off the control button 310 and        buzzing three times in a row.    -   9. Refilling the reservoir 1510 while reservoir 1510 is still in        the reservoir pocket 220, which can comprise refilling the        reservoir 1510 with a fill cap secured to the reservoir 1510.

In some aspects, at a more specific level, a method of refilling thereservoir 1510 of the device 100 can comprise one or more of thefollowing additional steps:

-   -   1. Removing the reservoir 1510 from the reservoir pocket 220.    -   2. Unscrewing a pouch cap and removing a filter tube.    -   3. Filling the reservoir 1510 with water.    -   4. Re-inserting a filter tube and putting the screw cap.    -   5. Place reservoir 1510 back into the reservoir pocket 220.

In some aspects, at a more specific level, a method of using the heatmanagement device 100 can comprise one or more of the followingadditional steps:

-   -   1. Touching the body of the user 50 with the dry sublayer 710 of        the inner layer 610, which can comprise keeping the body dry and        conductively transferring heat between the body and the dry        sublayer 710.    -   2. Drawing water from the reservoir 1510, e.g., with the pump        2560.    -   3. Wetting the wet sublayer 720 of the inner layer 610. Wetting        can comprise spraying or dripping water through the distribution        lines 1010 or using ultrasonic evaporation to deliver a fine        mist.    -   4. Once the fabric is wetted, drawing moisture from one area of        the fabric to other areas through capillary action. Drawing        moisture across the wet sublayer 720 can take 30 to 60 seconds        with three distribution lines 1010 and three channels 768. In        some aspects, with more distribution lines 1010 and/or more        channels 768, moisture can be drawn across the wet sublayer 720        in less time.    -   5. Coating the inner surface 611 of the inner layer 610 with        water.    -   6. Drawing excess water from the inner layer 610 into the        collector 2160 using gravity.    -   7. Removing water from the collector 2160, e.g., with the pump        2560.    -   8. Detecting the presence or absence of water in one of the        reservoir 1510 and the collector 2160. Detecting the presence or        absence of water can comprise monitoring power draw of the pump        2560. Measuring directly for the presence of water or moisture        in one of the reservoir 1510 and the collector 2160 can comprise        operating a sensor.    -   9. Using a check valve system to collect water from the        collector 2160. In some aspects, when the pump 2560 such as a        peristaltic pump is bidirectional (i.e., can reverse flow), a        first side of the pump 2560 can connect to an input of a first        check valve (not shown) and an output of a second check valve        (not shown). This can be done through a T-fitting (not shown)        and can be called an anti-parallel structure. A second side of        the pump 2560 can be connected to the reservoir 1510. Unused        sides of the first check valve or the second check valve can be        connected to the collector 2160 or the distribution lines 1010.        In some aspects, use of the first check valve and the second        check valve can permit use of the single reversible pump 2560        instead of two non-reversible pumps.    -   10. Drawing air into the device 100 from outside the device 100.        With use of the fan module 2510 of the enclosure 210, drawing        air into the device 100 can comprise directing the airflow        through the enclosure 210 and into the spacer 630.    -   11. Directing the airflow 570 through and across the airflow        channel 680 of the device 100. Directing the airflow can        comprise delivering the airflow through a duct directly coupled        to a fan or distributed via a plenum. Directing the airflow can        comprise ejecting air into another cavity. Directing the airflow        comprise expelling the air from the device and returning the        airflow to the ambient atmosphere at the end of the channel. The        airflow channel 680 can contain and facilitate or allow        circulation of each of the airflow 570 and the fluid used for        cooling of the device 100.    -   12. Passing airflow over or across the wet sublayer 720 to cause        evaporation of the fluid and thereby generate a form of        evaporative cooling, conductive evaporative cooling, that        conductively absorbs heat from the body through the dry sublayer        710. Passing airflow can comprise forcing airflow over the wet        sublayer 720. Passing airflow can comprise passing natural        airflow over the wet sublayer 720, i.e., using natural        convection.    -   13. Maximizing a surface area of contact between the body and        the dry sublayer 710 to minimize thermal resistance to heat        transfer from the body.    -   14. In the case where the body can be wetted, touching the body        of the user 50 with the wet sublayer 720 of the inner layer 610.    -   15. Absorbing heat conductively from the body through the inner        layer 610.    -   16. Maintaining the device 100 in an upright position.    -   17. Causing the battery 1610 to stay on continuously during use        of the device 100.    -   18. Causing the battery 1610 to enter a sleep mode or period of        inactivity and reduced or no power consumption during use of the        device 100.    -   19. Performing one or more of the method steps described with        respect to FIGS. 42-46.

In some aspects, at a more specific level, a method of cleaning the heatmanagement device 100 can comprise rinsing the device 100 or any portionof it with water. The method can comprise washing the device 100 in awashing machine. The method can comprise cycling hot water and detergentthrough the device 100 to clean the device 100.

A method of using the device 100 can comprise a different type ofcooling method altogether such as a solid state heat pump or arefrigerant compressor system. The resulting cool air can then betransported through a separate distribution system, which can distributethe cool air over the body via the pump and onto the inner layer 610.

A method of using the device 100 can comprise cooling via a secondaryevaporating cycle (indirect-direct evaporative cooling). Cooling viaconvection can also be used to pre-cool the air. This pre-cooled air canthen be used in the system.

In some aspects, a method of using the device 100 can comprisedelivering at least 100 watts of cooling using 7 watts of input power.In some aspects, a method of using the device 100 can comprisedelivering at least 100 watts of cooling using 5 watts of input power. Amethod of using the device can comprise adjusting the cooling capacitybased on the ambient temperature and humidity. In some aspects, a methodof using the device 100 can comprise delivering at least 50 watts ofcooling. In some aspects, a method of using the device 100 can comprisedelivering at least 150 watts of cooling.

The device 100 can be used by a user playing summer sports; working inhot workplace or hot climate; taking part in leisure activities such aswalking in high ambient temperatures (>90 degrees Fahrenheit);experiencing medical conditions such as hot flashes; working in hotworking conditions such as kitchens, fire-fighting, or standard policeservice; and military activities during both training and militaryoperations.

FIG. 42 shows a block diagram 4200, which can be considered a schematic,of the electrical components of FIG. 32 and the electricalinterconnections therebetween. The block diagram 4200 can comprise thebattery 4210, which can comprise the battery 1610; the printed circuitboard (PCB) 2550; a button 4260, which can comprise the control button310 (shown in FIGS. 3 and 40); one or more pumps 4280, which cancomprise the one or more pumps 2560 (shown in FIG. 25); and one or morefans 4290, which can comprise the one or more fans 2270 (shown in FIG.22). Meanwhile, the PCB 2550 itself can comprise a connector 4220 suchas the aforementioned USB or microUSB connector; power protection 4230;a microcontroller 4240; a button switch 4250; and a motor driver 4270.

More specifically regarding interactions between other electricalcomponents (i.e., positioned outside the PCB 2550 ) with the PCB 2550and with each other, the PCB 2550 as a whole can be in electricalcommunication with and can draw power from the battery 4210. The button4260 can be in electrical communication with and can draw power from thebattery 4210 through the PCB 2550 and, more specifically, the connector4220, the power protection 4230, and the button switch 4250. The button4260 can also be in electrical communication with and send signals tothe PCB 2550 and, more specifically, the microcontroller 4240. Each ofthe one or more pumps 4280 and the one or more fans 4290 can be inelectrical communication with and can draw power from the battery 4210through the PCB 2550 and, more specifically, the connector 4220, thepower protection 4230, and the motor driver 4270. Each of the one ormore pumps 4280 and the one or more fans 4290 can also be in electricalcommunication with the microcontroller 4240 through the motor driver4270.

More specifically regarding interactions between components positionedon the PCB 2550, the power protection 4230 can be in electricalcommunication with the connector 4220; and each of the microcontroller4240; the button switch 4250; and the motor driver 4270 can be inelectrical communication with the power protection 4230. In someaspects, the button switch 4250 can be or can comprise a MOSFET switch.In some aspects, the button switch 4250 can be or can comprise atransistor or other switch.

FIG. 43 is a flowchart describing, at least in part, operation of powerand control systems of the device 100 and, more specifically, a vestsuch as in FIG. 40 comprising the electrical components of FIG. 32 and,more specifically, a timed internal interrupt handler 4300 of suchoperation. The timed internal interrupt handler 4300 can comprise foursteps 4310 through 4340 and can describe how the internal interrupt canbe generated to create a timed function. In a first step 4310, aninternal interrupt can be generated based on registers set as part ofsetup procedure. In a second step 4320, the interrupt handler is enteredas soon as the microcontroller unit (MCU), e.g., the microcontroller4240, is free to do so. In a third step 4330, the value for “tic” can beset to TRUE. Finally, in a fourth step 4340, the timed internalinterrupt handler 4300 can be exited.

FIG. 44 is a flowchart describing, at least in part, operation of apower and controls system of a vest such as in FIG. 40 comprising theelectrical components of FIG. 32 and, more specifically, a buttoninterrupt handler 4400 of such operation. The button interrupt handler4400 can comprise five steps 4410 through 4450 and can describe how apulse-width modulated (PWM) signal is generated by the button 4260 whenenergized. In other aspects, the generated signal can be analog orserial. The PWM signal or waveform can effectively facilitate the user50 being able to adjust the voltage delivered to the fans 2270 and/orthe pumps 2560. In a first step 4410, an external interrupt can begenerated when there is change in a signal from the button 4260. In asecond step 4420, it can be determined whether the signal is a risingedge or a falling edge. Based on that information, the width of ON timeor OFF time can be calculated. For example and without limitation, ONcan be VCC, which in some aspects is 5 V; and OFF can be GND, which insome aspects is 0 V. In a third step 4430, after a pulse width isdetermined, two of the four possible states of the button 4260 (OFF butenergized, LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH) can be determined—in the case of thethird step 4430 MEDIUM or HIGH. Because the two other states—OFF butenergized and LOW—are either ON or OFF throughout and not captured bythe button interrupt handler 4400, the two other states can be handledby the main function flowchart 4500 (shown in FIG. 45). In a fourth step4440, necessary variables of a button state machine can be updated tocapture a current estimation of the state of the button 4260. In a fifthstep 4450, the button interrupt handler 4400 can be exited.

FIG. 45 is a flowchart 4500 describing, at least in part, overall ormain operation of a power and controls system of a vest such as in FIG.40 comprising the electrical components of FIG. 32. In a first step4510, a user can connect the battery 4210 (shown in FIG. 42) and canpower up the battery 4210. Powering up the battery 4210 can energize thePCB 2550 (shown in FIG. 42). In a second step 4520, the PCB 2550 canupon being energized initiate a boot up sequence. In addition, in thesecond step 4520, variables can be initialized, registers can be set,and interrupt services can be started. In a third step 4530, the programcan proceed into an infinite loop, which can check for the value of thevariable tic. Tic is modified by the timed internal interrupt handler4300 (shown in FIG. 43) at a near consistent period. In a fourth step4540, when tic=TRUE, the main function can be executed. Morespecifically, in a fifth step 4550, edge cases of the button 4260 (shownin FIG. 42)—whether the button 4260 is in an OFF or LOW position—can bechecked and variables reset if needed. In a sixth step 4560, a fan speedof the fans 4290 (shown in FIG. 42) can be set or modified. Morebroadly, the controller or PCBA 2550 can be configured to control atleast one parameter of the fans 2270 or the pumps 2560 by varying, forexample, a speed of either component by varying an input voltagethereto. In a seventh step 4570, a pump state machine represented by theflowchart 4500 (shown in FIG. 45) can updated. The steps 4530 through4570 can continue indefinitely until the battery 4210 is unplugged,dies, or powers down. Thus, as long as power is delivered to the PCB2550, the microcontroller 4240 (shown in FIG. 42) will remain on.

FIG. 46 is a flowchart 4600 describing, at least in part, a pump statemachine of the flowchart of FIG. 45. The flowchart 4600 can comprise sixbasic steps 4610 through 4660 and can capture the operation of thepumps. In a first step 4610, the pump state machine can be initializedat PUMP_OFF. The button 4260 (shown in FIG. 42) can be turned OFF at anytime, immediately turning off the pumps 4280 (shown in FIG. 42). As soonas the state of the button 4260 changes from the OFF position, however,the pump state machine can move into an EMPTY_COLLECTOR step or a secondstep 4620, at which point one of the pumps 4280 can take water out ofthe collector 2160 and return it to the reservoir 1510 (shown in FIG.15). A cut off point of a particular pump 4280 can be based on how muchpower is used by the pump 4280 over a given amount of time. Power usagebelow a threshold value can indicate that the pump 4280 is no longerpumping a fluid, while power usage at or above a threshold value canindicate that the pump 4280 is still pumping the fluid. If the vest waspreviously flooded or took a long time to empty the collector 2160, thenthe pump state machine can enter the NORMAL_EMPTY step or third step4630. In the third step 4630, the fluid can be emptied from thereservoir 1510 for a set amount of time depending on the state of thebutton 4260 (which can be chosen by the user 50) and then proceed to aWAIT step or fourth step 4640. Upon initiation of the fourth step 4640,a certain amount of time can pass after which the cycle can repeat fromthe second step 4620. In some aspects, the amount of time can be fixed.In other aspects, the amount of time can be conditional or adjustablebased on the amount of fluid drawn from the collector 2160 by the pump2560 in fluid communication with and drawing fluid from the collector2160. If the vest was not flooded, then in a FLOOD step or fifth step4650 fluid can be drawn from the reservoir 1510 for a set, longer periodof time than initially set during the NORMAL_EMPTY step, i.e., the thirdstep 4630. After the set time, the pump state machine can return to theEMPTY_COLLECTOR step, i.e., the second step 4620, to check if enoughwater has been distributed into the vest. If during the NORMAL_EMPTYstep 4630 or the FLOOD step 4650 we detect low power usage from the pump4280 over a period of time, which can indicate that the collector isempty, the pump state machine can enter a NOTIFY_EMPTY step or sixthstep 4660, at which point the pumps 4280 can be made to vibrate and thebutton turned ON and OFF to indicate to the user 50 that the reservoir1510 is empty. From the NOTIFY_EMPTY step or sixth step 4660, the pumpstate machine and the button state machine can return to theirrespective OFF states in the PUMP_OFF state, i.e., the first step 4610.Again, if the button 4260 ever enters the OFF state then regardless ofthe state of the pump state machine it can also return to the first step4610.

One should note that conditional language, such as, among others, “can,”“could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, orotherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intendedto convey that certain aspects include, while other aspects do notinclude, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditionallanguage is not generally intended to imply that features, elementsand/or steps are in any way required for one or more particular aspectsor that one or more particular aspects necessarily comprise logic fordeciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether thesefeatures, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed inany particular aspect.

It should be emphasized that the above-described aspects are merelypossible examples of implementations, merely set forth for a clearunderstanding of the principles of the present disclosure. Any processdescriptions or blocks in flow diagrams should be understood asrepresenting modules, segments, or portions of code which comprise oneor more executable instructions for implementing specific logicalfunctions or steps in the process, and alternate implementations areincluded in which functions may not be included or executed at all, maybe executed out of order from that shown or discussed, includingsubstantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on thefunctionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonablyskilled in the art of the present disclosure. Many variations andmodifications may be made to the above-described aspect(s) withoutdeparting substantially from the spirit and principles of the presentdisclosure. Further, the scope of the present disclosure is intended tocover any and all combinations and sub-combinations of all elements,features, and aspects discussed above. All such modifications andvariations are intended to be included herein within the scope of thepresent disclosure, and all possible claims to individual aspects orcombinations of elements or steps are intended to be supported by thepresent disclosure.

That which is claimed is:
 1. A heat management device comprising: aninner layer configured to face a body of a user, the inner layercomprising: a dry sublayer configured to face and touch the body; and awet sublayer; an outer layer; and a spacer positioned between the innerlayer and the outer layer, the spacer configured to maintain a channelheight for passage of airflow between the inner layer and the outerlayer; wherein the inner layer and the outer layer together define aflexible airflow channel configured to receive and route the airflowthrough the device and across the wet sublayer.
 2. The device of claim1, wherein the spacer defines a porous three-dimensional mesh, thespacer further defining a plurality of openings, each of the pluralityof openings extending through a thickness of the spacer.
 3. The deviceof claim 1, wherein the inner layer and the outer layer define a sealedbody chamber configured to collect excess moisture from inside theairflow channel without leakage therefrom when the airflow channel isangled with respect to a horizontal direction during use, a top end ofthe device being higher than a bottom end.
 4. The device of claim 1,wherein the airflow channel is a first airflow channel, the devicefurther comprising a secondary airflow channel offset in cross-sectionfrom the first airflow channel in a direction perpendicular to anorientation of the first airflow channel.
 5. The device of claim 4,wherein the secondary airflow channel extends substantially across oneof a width and a circumference of the device.
 6. The device of claim 1,further comprising a fan, a controller, and a power supply, thecontroller positioned inside a device body of the device and configuredto control at least one parameter of the fan, the power supplycomprising a battery and being in electrical communication with thecontroller.
 7. The device of claim 6, wherein the fan is a blower fanpositioned at least partly inside the airflow channel.
 8. The device ofclaim 1, further comprising a pump and a fluid distribution line coupledto and in fluid communication with the pump, an outlet of the fluiddistribution line positioned across the device from the pump.
 9. Thedevice of claim 8, further comprising a reservoir in fluid communicationwith the pump, the reservoir positioned at least partly inside a devicebody of the device.
 10. The device of claim 1, further comprising acontrol button in electrical communication with and configured to sendsignals to a controller of the device.
 11. A cooling vest comprising theheat management device of claim 1, the cooling vest defining a bottomend, a top end distal from the bottom end, a first side end, and asecond side end distal from the first side end and configured to bejoined to the first side end, the cooling vest defining side openingsfor passage of arms of the user.
 12. The cooling vest of claim 11,wherein the cooling vest comprises a closure fastener, the closurefastener comprising at least one of a fastener configured to join thecooling vest around a body of the user and a tightening fastenerconfigured to adjust a circumferential dimension of the cooling vest.13. A method of using the heat management device of claim 1, the methodcomprising: wetting an inner surface of the inner layer of the devicewith a fluid, the wet sublayer defining the inner surface; and passingairflow across the inner surface to cause evaporation of the fluid and aform of evaporative cooling of the body of the user thereby.
 14. Themethod of claim 13, wherein passing airflow across the inner surfacecomprises producing the airflow with a fan positioned inside an airflowchannel of the device.
 15. The method of claim 13, further comprisingcontacting the user with the dry sublayer of the device.
 16. The methodof claim 13, further comprising: pumping the fluid between two areas ofthe device; and distributing at least a portion of the fluid across thedevice via capillary action.
 17. The method of claim 13, wherein thefluid is water.
 18. A method of manufacturing a heat management device,the method comprising: sandwiching a spacer between an inner layer andan outer layer of the device; the inner layer and the outer layerdefining an airflow channel therebetween; and sealing a connectionbetween the inner layer and the outer layer to define a sealed bodychamber, the airflow channel being configured to contain and allowcirculation of each of airflow and a fluid for cooling.
 19. The methodof claim 18, further comprising positioning and securing a fan inside abody of the device
 20. The method of claim 18, further comprisingbonding the inner layer and the outer layer to form the body chamber,the body chamber configured to collect excess moisture from inside theairflow channel during use of the device without leakage therefrom whenthe airflow channel is angled with respect to a horizontal directionduring use, a top end of the device being higher than a bottom end.